Jade

Property	Specification
Chemical Formula	Nephrite: Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₆O₁₉(OH)₂; Jadeite: NaAlSi₂O₆
Crystal System	Nephrite: Monoclinic; Jadeite: Monoclinic
Color	Green (most common), also yellow, lavender, white, black, red, orange, and others
Hardness (Mohs)	Nephrite: 6 – 6.5; Jadeite: 6.5 – 7
Specific Gravity	Nephrite: 2.95 – 3.03; Jadeite: 3.30 – 3.38
Refractive Index	Nephrite: 1.610 – 1.630; Jadeite: 1.660 – 1.675
Luster	Vitreous to greasy, sometimes waxy
Transparency	Opaque to translucent
Cleavage	Poor (in both varieties)
Fracture	Conchoidal to uneven
Streak	White
Pleochroism	Weak (mostly in jadeite, showing different shades of green)
Fluorescence	Typically none
Crystal Habit	Massive, compact, fibrous (especially in nephrite)

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